I-Antenna, engasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa izibonakaliso kunye nokufumana iimpawu, ibuyiselwa umva, i-reciprocity, kwaye inokuthathwa njenge-transducer, isixhobo sonxibelelwano phakathi kwesekethe kunye nendawo.Xa isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa imiqondiso, imiqondiso yombane ejikelezayo eveliswa ngumthombo wombane iguqulwa ibe ngamaza ombane esithubeni kwaye ikhutshwe kwicala elithile.Xa isetyenziselwa ukufumana imiqondiso, amaza e-electromagnetic asemajukujukwini aguqulwa abe ziimpawu zombane aze adluliselwe kumamkeli ngentambo.
Nayiphi na i-eriyali ineempawu ezithile ezinokuchazwa ngokufanelekileyo, ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe ukuvavanya ukusebenza kwe-eriyali, kubandakanywa iiparamitha zeempawu zombane kunye neeparitha zeempawu zomatshini.
Iimpawu zeMechanical yee-eriyali
Inkqubo ye-antenna imilo elula okanye enzima
Ubungakanani bomda
Nokuba yomelele, ithembekile kwaye ikulungele ukuyisebenzisa
Iiparamitha zokusebenza ze-eriyali
Uluhlu lokuphindaphinda
inzuzo
I-antenna factor
Idayagram yomkhombandlela
amandla
ukungaphumeleli
Umlinganiselo wamaza ombane omileyo
Ukuhlelwa kwe-eriyali
Ii-antenna zinokuhlelwa ngokweendlela ezahlukeneyo, ikakhulu:
Ukuhlelwa ngokusetyenziswa: inokwahlulwa ibe yi-eriyali yonxibelelwano, i-eriyali kamabonakude, i-eriyali yerada njalo njalo.
Ngokohlelo lwebhendi esebenzayo: inokwahlulwa ibe yi-eriyali yamaza amafutshane, i-antenna ye-ultra-short-wave, i-antenna ye-microwave njalo njalo.
Ngokohlelo lwe-directivity: inokwahlulwa ibe yi-antenna ye-omnidirectional, i-eriyali eyalathayo, njl.
Ngokutsho kokuhlelwa kwemilo: inokwahlulwa ibe yi-eriyali yomgca, i-eriyali ecwangcisiweyo kunye nokunye
I-eriyali yomkhomba-ndlela: Ulwalathiso lwe-eriyali lulinganiselwe kwicala elithe tye elingaphantsi kwama-360 degrees.
Ii-eriyali ze-Omnidirectional zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufumana/ukuhambisa imiqondiso kuwo onke amacala ngaxeshanye.Oku kunokunqweneleka ukuba isignali kufuneka yamkelwe/ihanjiswe macala onke, njengakwizikhululo zikanomathotholo eziqhelekileyo.Nangona kunjalo, kukho amaxesha amaninzi apho ulwalathiso lwesignali luyaziwa okanye lulinganiselwe.Umzekelo, ngeteleskopu yerediyo, kuyaziwa ukuba imiqondiso iya kufunyanwa kwicala elinikiweyo (ukusuka esithubeni), ngelixa ii-eriyali ze-omni-directional zingasebenzi kakuhle ekuchongeni imiqondiso ebuthathaka ezinkwenkwezini.Kule meko, i-eriyali ekhombayo enenzuzo ephezulu ye-eriyali inokusetyenziselwa ukufumana amandla omqondiso ngakumbi kwicala elinikiweyo.
Umzekelo we-eriyali ekhokelela kakhulu yi-eriyali yaseYagi.Ezi ntlobo ze-eriyali zii-frequencies ezisetyenziselwa ukuthumela / ukufumana imiqondiso yonxibelelwano kwimigama emide xa isalathiso somqondiso wegalelo okanye itekeni isaziwa.Omnye umzekelo we-eriyali ekhokelayo kakhulu yi-antenna ye-waveguide gain iphondo.Ezi-eriyali zihlala zisetyenziselwa uvavanyo kunye nezicelo zokulinganisa, njengaxa kulinganiswa ukusebenza kwenye i-eriyali, okanye xa ufumana/uthumela imiqondiso kwibhendi yamaza amaza aphezulu.Ii-eriyali ezimkhomba-ndlela zisenokwenziwa ngokwentelekiso kuyilo lwepleyiti ethambileyo ekhaphukhaphu ukuze yenziwe lula kwiisubstrates zeRF eziqhelekileyo ezifana nePCBS.Ezi antenna zepleyiti zisicaba ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kubathengi nakwimizi-mveliso yonxibelelwano kuba azibizi kakhulu ukwenza kwaye zikhaphukhaphu kwaye zincinci.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-18-2023
