I-IOT ibhekisa kwingqokelela yexesha lokwenyani layo nayiphi na into okanye inkqubo ekufuneka ibekwe iliso, iqhagamshelwe, idityaniswe kunye, kunye nesandi sayo, ukukhanya, ubushushu, umbane, oomatshini, ikhemistri, ibhayoloji, indawo kunye nolunye ulwazi olufunekayo ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka. ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchwepheshe obunje ngezixhobo zolwazi, itekhnoloji yokuchongwa kwamaza kanomathotholo, inkqubo yokumisa umhlaba jikelele, izinzwa ze-infrared, ii-laser scanners, njl. njl. , ukuqatshelwa kunye nokulawulwa kwezinto kunye neenkqubo.I-Intanethi yeZinto ngumthwali wolwazi olusekwe kwi-Intanethi, inethiwekhi yonxibelelwano yesiqhelo, njl. njl., eyenza zonke izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibonakalayo ezinokujongana ngokuzimeleyo zenze inethiwekhi edibeneyo.
Intshayelelo yemigangatho yonxibelelwano kwi-Intanethi yeZinto zehlabathi
Itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano ye-Intanethi yeZinto inokwahlulwa ibe ngumgama omfutshane kunye nomgama omde ngokoluhlu lokuhambisa umqondiso.Itekhnoloji yokuhambisa umgama omfutshane ngokwetekhnoloji ephambili ibandakanya iWi-Fi, iZigBee, iZ-Wave, i-Thread, iBluetooth™, iWi-SUN, njl. okanye ikhaya elihlakaniphile, umzi-mveliso ohlakaniphile kunye nezibane ezihlakaniphile kunye nezinye iindawo.Ngaphambili, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lomgama omde yayiyi-2G, 3G, 4G kunye nobunye ubuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano lweselula.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yeemfuno ezahlukeneyo zothumelo lwe-Intanethi yeZinto (iot), ezifana ne-bandwidth enkulu kunye nokulibaziseka okuphantsi, izicelo ezininzi ze-iot zineemfuno zepakethe yedatha encinci kunye nokunyamezela kokulibaziseka okuphezulu, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo kufuneka ukugubungela ngokubanzi okanye ukujula. emhlabeni kunye nezinye iindawo ezikhuselwe kakhulu.Kwezi zicelo zingentla, iteknoloji yonxibelelwano enomgama omde kunye nokusetyenziswa koMbane oPhantsi iye yaphuhliswa, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), kunye ne-NB-IoT yeyona teknoloji yonxibelelwano oluphambili lwelayisenisi yomsebenzisi.Oku kulandelayo ngumzobo olula woyilo lwenkqubo ye-Intanethi yeZinto.
Uluhlu olufutshane lonxibelelwano lweTekhnoloji yonxibelelwano: Imayile yokugqibela ye-Intanethi yezinto zehlabathi
Ukuba ukhetho lwenziwa ngokweempawu zeteknoloji yonxibelelwano olungenacingo olude, unxibelelwano lomgama omfutshane kunye ne-microcontroller jikelele idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwisixhobo se-terminal, ngakumbi ngeenzwa zokuqokelela idatha.
I-WIFI: I-LAN engenazingcingo esekwe kumgangatho we-IEEE 802.11, inokuthathwa njengesandiso esifutshane se-wireless LAN.Yonke into oyifunayo ukuseta i-WIFI yi-AP engenazintambo okanye i-router engenazintambo, kwaye ixabiso liphantsi.
Zigbee:isekelwe kwi-IEEE802.15.4 umgangatho wesantya esiphantsi, umgama omfutshane, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, iteknoloji yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo ye-LAN protocol, eyaziwa ngokuba yiprothokholi yenyosi emfusa.Iimpawu: Uluhlu oluvaliweyo, ubunzima obuphantsi, ukulungelelanisa (ukuzilungisa, ukuzilungisa, kunye nokuzilawula), ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, kunye nexabiso eliphantsi ledatha.Iiprothokholi zeZigBee zihlulwe zibe ngumaleko womzimba (PHY), i-media access Control layer (MAC), i-transport layer (TL), i-network layer (NWK), kunye ne-application layer (APL) ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.Umaleko womzimba kunye nolawulo lokufikelela kwimidiya ihambelana nomgangatho we-IEEE 802.15.4.Isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiSensom kunye noLawulo lwezicelo.Ingasebenza kwiibhendi ezintathu zefrikhwensi ye-2.4GHz(edume kwihlabathi jikelele), 868MHz(eyaziwayo yaseYurophu) kunye ne-915MHz (ethandwayo yaseMelika), kunye namazinga aphezulu othumelo lwe-250kbit/s, 20kbit/s kunye ne-40kbit/s, ngokulandelelanayo.Inqaku elinye lokuhambisa umgama kuluhlu lwe-10-75m, iZigBee yiqonga lenethiwekhi yothumelo lwedatha engenazingcingo eyenziwe enye ukuya kwi-65535 iimodyuli zokuhanjiswa kwedatha engenazingcingo, kulo lonke uluhlu lwenethiwekhi, imodyuli nganye yeZigBee yenethiwekhi yokuhanjiswa kwedatha inokunxibelelana omnye komnye, ukusuka umgama osemgangathweni wama-75m wokwandisa okungenamkhawulo.Iinodi zeZigBee zisebenza ngamandla kakhulu, zineebhetri ezihlala kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 leminyaka kwimowudi yokulala,
Z-Amaza: Luluhlu olufutshane lwetekhnoloji yonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo olusekelwe kwiRF, ixabiso eliphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwenethiwekhi, ekhokelwa yiZensys, inkampani yaseDenmark.Ibhendi ye-frequency yokusebenza yi-908.42MHz (USA) ~ 868.42MHz (Europe), kunye ne-FSK (BFSK / GFSK) indlela yokumodareyitha yamkelwe.Izinga lokudluliselwa kwedatha yi-9.6 kb ukuya kwi-40kb / s, kunye noluhlu olusebenzayo lokugubungela uphawu luyi-30m ngaphakathi kwaye ngaphezu kwe-100m ngaphandle, efanelekileyo kwizicelo ze-broadband emxinwa.I-Z-Wave isebenzisa itekhnoloji yomzila oguqukayo.Inethiwekhi nganye ye-Z-Wave inedilesi yayo yenethiwekhi (HomeID).Idilesi (i-NodeID) ye-node nganye kwinethiwekhi inikwe nguMlawuli.Inethiwekhi nganye inokubamba ubuninzi bee-nodes ze-232 (Amakhoboka), kubandakanywa iindawo zokulawula.I-Zensys ibonelela ngeThala leencwadi eliQhagamshelwe ngokuNgqongileyo (DLL) kuphuhliso lweWindows kunye nabaphuhlisi bemisebenzi ye-API ngaphakathi kuyo kuyilo lwesoftware yePC.Inethiwekhi engenazintambo eyakhiwe yi-teknoloji ye-Z-Wave ayinakuqaphela kuphela ulawulo olude lwezixhobo zendlu ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zenethiwekhi, kodwa nokulawula izixhobo kwinethiwekhi ye-Z-Wave nge-intanethi ye-Intanethi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-02-2023
