I-antenna yerada2

Ububanzi belobe engundoqo
Kuyo nayiphi na i-eriyali, kumaxesha amaninzi, ipateni yomphezulu okanye umphezulu wendlela eya ngakuyo idla ngokumila kwipetali, ngoko ke ipateni yesalathiso ikwabizwa ngokuba yipatheni yelobe.I-lobe ene-radiation ephezulu yesalathiso ibizwa ngokuba yi-lobe ephambili, kwaye enye ibizwa ngokuba yi-side lobe.
Ububanzi belobe buphinda bohlulwe baba sisiqingatha samandla (okanye 3dB) ububanzi belobe kunye nobubanzi belobe yamandla enguziro.Njengoko kubonisiwe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi, kumacala omabini elona xabiso liphezulu lelobe ephambili, i-Angle phakathi kweendlela ezimbini apho amandla ehla ukuya kwisiqingatha (i-0.707 amaxesha obunzima bentsimi) ibizwa ngokuba yi-half-power lobe ububanzi.

I-engile phakathi kwamacala amabini apho amandla okanye ubunzulu bebala buhla ukuya ku-zero wokuqala bubizwa ngokuba yi-zero-power lobe ububanzi.

I-antenna polarization
I-polarization luphawu olubalulekileyo lwe-antenna.Ukuhanjiswa kwepolarization ye-eriyali sisimo sokushukuma sendawo yokuphela kombane we-eriyali ehambisa i-electromagnetic wave kweli cala, kwaye ukufumana i-polarization yimo yentshukumo yendawo yombane ye-vector endpoint ye-eriyali yesiganeko sokufumana amaza endiza kweli cala. ulwalathiso.
I-polarization ye-antenna ibhekiselele kwi-polarization ye-vector yentsimi ethile ye-radio wave, kunye nemo yentshukumo yendawo yokugqibela ye-vector yentsimi yombane ngexesha langempela, elihambelana nolwalathiso lwendawo.I-eriyali esetyenziswa ekusebenzeni ihlala ifuna i-polarization.
I-polarization inokwahlulwa ibe yi-polarization yomgca, i-circular polarization kunye ne-elliptic polarization.Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo ongezantsi, apho umkhondo wesiphelo se-vector yentsimi yombane kuMzobo (a) umgca othe tye, kwaye i-Angle phakathi komgca kunye ne-X-axis ayitshintshi kunye nexesha, eli gagasi le-polarized libizwa. iliza elicandekileyo elinomgca.

Xa kujongwa ecaleni kwendlela yosasazo, ukujikeleziswa ngakwexeshana kwe vector yombane kubizwa ngokuba yi-right-handed circularly polarized wave, kwaye ukujikeleziswa okuchasene newotshi kubizwa ngokuba liza lesandla lasekhohlo le-circularly polarized wave.Xa ijongwa ngokuchasene necala losasazo, amaza akwisandla sasekunene ajikeleza ngasekunene kwaye amaza angasekhohlo ajikeleza ngasekunene.

Iimfuno zerada kwii-eriyali
Njenge-eriyali ye-radar, umsebenzi wayo kukuguqula indawo yamaza ekhokelwayo eveliswe sisidluliseli kwibala lemitha yelanga, ifumane i-echo ebonakaliswa ngasemva koko kujoliswe kuko, kunye nokuguqula amandla e-echo ibe yindawo yamaza ekhokelwayo ukuze idluliselwe kumamkeli.Iimfuno ezisisiseko zerada ye-antenna ngokubanzi ziquka:
Ibonelela ngoguqulo lwamandla olusebenzayo (olulinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo kwe-eriyali) phakathi kwendawo yokusasazeka kwemitha kunye nomgca wothumelo;Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-eriyali kubonisa ukuba amandla eRF aveliswa sisidluliseli anokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo
Ukukwazi ukugxila kwi-high-frequency energy kwicala ekujoliswe kulo okanye ukufumana amandla aphezulu-frequency ukusuka kwicala ekujoliswe kulo (kulinganiswa kwinzuzo ye-antenna)
Ukusasazwa kwamandla ommandla wemitha yemitha emajukujukwini kukwaziwa ngokomsebenzi womoya we-radar (elinganiswa ngumzobo we-eriyali yezalathiso).
Ulawulo lwe-polarization olufanelekileyo luhambelana neempawu ze-polarization zethagethi
Isakhiwo esinamandla somatshini kunye nokusebenza okuguquguqukayo.Ukuskena indawo ejikelezileyo kunokulandelela ngokusebenzayo iithagethi kunye nokukhusela kwiziphumo zomoya
Hlangana neemfuno zobuchule ezifana nokushukuma, ukukhululeka kokuzifihla, ukufaneleka kweenjongo ezithile, njl.